cloud computing
Definition
Process where a task is solved by using a wide variety of technologies, including computers, networks, servers, and the Internet. Cloud computing is very similar
to grid computing, however usually is
differentiated from grid computing due to its use of Internet tools.
customer
relationship management (CRM)
1. A management philosophy according to which a company’s goals can be best achieved through
identification and satisfaction of the customers' stated and unstated needs and wants.
2. A computerized system for
identifying, targeting, acquiring, and retaining the best mix of customers.
Customer relationship management helps
in profiling prospects, understanding their needs, and in building relationships with them by providing the most suitable products and enhanced customer service. It integrates back and front office systems to create a database of customer contacts, purchases,
and technical support, among other things. This
database helps the company in presenting a unified face
to its customers, and improve the quality of the relationship, while enabling
customers to manage some information on their own.
CRM software
An acronym for Customer Relationship Management software, which refers to software products that allow organizations to store, organize, synchronize, and search records relating to customer interactions.
CRM Software may also include automation for business rules and business processes, such as
contacting customers or sending out inventory replacement reminders.
augmented
product
A core product to which additional products and services may be added to generate
multiple revenue streams. For example, an accounting software program that starts with a general ledger to which various modules such as budgeting, inventory control, payroll (as well as training aids such as books, newsletters, seminars, and videos) may be added. See also agile product.
document
Definition
Something tangible that records communication or facts with the help of marks, words, or symbols. A document serves to establish one or several facts, and can be
relied upon as a proof thereof. Generally speaking, documents function as evidence of intentions, whereas records
function as evidence of activities.
network
Definitions (2)
1. Computers: A group of interconnected (via cable and/or wireless) computers and
peripherals that is capable of sharing software and hardware resources between
many users. The Internet is a global network of networks. See also local area network and wide area network.
2. Communications: A system that enables users of telephones or data communications lines to exchange information over long distances by connecting with each
other through a system of routers, servers, switches, and the like.
mainframe
computer
A data processing system employed mainly in large organizations for various applications,
including bulk data processing, process control, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and financial transaction processing.
Mainframes use proprietary operating systems, most of which are based
on Unix, and a growing number on Linux. Over the years they have evolved from being
room-sized to networked configurations of workstations and servers that are an extremely competitive and cost effective platforms for e-commerce development and hosting. Mainframes are so called because the
earliest ones were housed in large metal frames.
erasable,
programmable, read only memory (EPROM)
Type of solid-state electronic memory used mainly on computer motherboards for storing basic input output system (BIOS), hardware configurations, and other definable information. Such information used to be stored
in read only memory (ROM) which could not be
re-programmed or altered without using new memory chips, but EPROM
allows software system upgrades while using
chip and pin
Definition
Program sponsored by the United Kingdom to
implement a new debt card system that uses a chip implanted in the card and a pin
number to authorize transaction. When the debit card is passed through the card
reader, it will access the stored information on the chip and compare it to
the pin number typed in by the user. The system has become widely used in the
United Kingdom and is very similar to the standard debit card systems in other countries.
throughput
Definitions (5)
1. General: Productivity of a machine, procedure, process, or system over a unit period, expressed in a figure-of-merit or a term meaningful in the
given context, such as output per hour, cash turnover, number of orders shipped.
2. Computing: Measure of a computer system's overall performance in sending data through all its components, such as the processor, buses, storage devices. Throughput is more meaningful indicator of system performance than
raw clock speed (now measured in gigahertzs)
advertised by computer vendors.
3. Data communications: (1) Measure of the efficiency of a network expressed as the data transfer rate of useful and
non-redundant information. It depends on factors such as bandwidth, line congestion, error correction, etc. (2) In computer to computer
data transfer, it is expressed as the product of data transfer rate of the modem and data compression ratio.
4. Internet: Measure of a website server's performance expressed as number of
data requests handled in a unit period.
5. Manufacturing: User-measured processing speed of a machine expressed
as total output in a unit period (usually an
hour) under normal operating conditions. It includes operator caused delays and therefore differs from the
machine vendor's rated speed which is often the machine's best output capability under optimum operating conditions
utility
Definitions (5)
1. Business: Large firm that owns and/or operates facilities used for generation and
transmission or distribution of electricity, gas, or water to general public.
2. Computing: Auxiliary program that performs a specific useful
function to maintain, or augment the efficiency of, a computer system. Utilities range from the small and simple to the
large and complex, and from being marginally useful to
being indispensable. Functions performed by utilities
include data compression, data recovery, disk defragmentation,management of computer resources and files, system diagnosis, virus detection, and numerous other. Also
called utility program.
3. Economics: Pleasure or satisfaction (value for money) derived by a person from the consumption of a good or service or from being in a particular
place, and for the maximization of which all economic actions are motivated. It is the subjective or psychic return which cannot be measured in absolute
or objective terms. Goods or services that have utility for one person
may not have for another, and what may have utility for a person at a certain
time or place may not have it at another. See also utility theory.
4. Ethics: As described by the English
philosopher-reformer Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832), what appears to "augment
or diminish the happiness of the party whose interest is in question."
5. Patent law: Usefulness of the item for which a patent
is applied. An invention must be capable of use and must
perform some useful function for to be considered patentable.
computer output
to laser disc (COLD)
Data archival technology that uses optical (laser) disc for data storage. Now superseded by computer output archival and retrieval (COAR) technology.
basic input
output system (BIOS)
Set of procedures (short programs) stored on a type of read-only-memory (ROM), on the motherboards of IBM-PC compatible computers. These instructions handle computer start up operations (such as power-on self-test), and hardware configurations for devices such as disk drives, keyboard, and monitor.
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