English - Verbal - 8

ENGLISH – VERBAL - 8

COMPREHENSION

Passage A

What needs to be set right is our approach to work? It is a common sight in our country of employees reporting for duty on time and at the same time doing little work. If an assessment is made of time they spent in gossiping, drinking tea, eating "pan" and smoking cigarettes, it will be shocking to know that the time devoted to actual work is negligible. The problem is the standard which the leadership in administration sets for the staff. Forgot the ministers because, they mix politics and administration. What do top bureaucrats do? What do the below down officials do? The administration set up remains week mainly because the employees do not have the right example to follow and they are more concerned about being in the good books of the bosses than doing work.

1.       According to the writer, the administration in India

A. is by and large effective                           B. is very strict and firm

C. is affected by red tape                             D. is more or less ineffective   (Ans)

               

     2.       The central idea of passage could be best expressed by the following

A. The employee outlook towards work is justified

B. The employee must change their outlook towards work   (Ans)

C. The employees would never change their work culture

D. The employer-employee relationship is far from healthy 

                .

     3.    The employees in our country

A. are quite punctual but not duty conscious   (Ans)

B. are not punctual, but somehow manage to complete their work

C. are somewhat lazy but good natured

D. are not very highly qualified  

     4.   The leadership in administration

A. sets a fine example to the employees

B. is of a reasonably high standard    

C. is composed of idealists

D. is of a very poor standard   (Ans)

     5.   The word 'assessment' means

A. enquiry           B. report              C. evaluation    (Ans)            D. summary

.

Passage B

Modern economies do not differentiate between renewable and non-renewable materials, as its method is to measures everything by means of a money price. Thus, taking various alternatives fuels, like coal, oil, wood or water power: the only difference between them recognized by modern economics is relative cost per equivalent unit. The cheapest is automatically the one to be preferred, as to do otherwise would be irrational and 'uneconomic'. From a Buddhist point of view of course this will not do, the essential difference between non-renewable fuels like coal and oil on the one hand and renewable fuels like wood and water power on the other cannot be simply overlooked. Non-renewable goods must be used only if they are indispensable, and then only with the greatest care and the highest concern for conservation. To use them carelessly or extravagantly is an act of violence, and while complete non-violence may not be possible on earth, it is nonetheless the duty of man to aim at deal of non-violence in all he does.

6. The Buddhist economist's attitude implies that fuels like coal and oil must be used only if

A. there is a plentiful supply

B. wood and water can be dispensed with

C. the relative cost of each is less than of wood and water

D. there is no alternative fuel available     (Ans)

                .              

7.  According to the passage, Buddhist economists are not in favour of

A. measuring everything in terms of money  (Ans)

B. using non-renewable sources        

C. economic development

D. applying non-violence to every sphere of life

               

8.  In this passage the author is trying to

A. differentiate between renewable and non-renewable materials    (Ans)

B. show that the modern economist is only concerned with costs

C. underline the need for conserving natural resources

D. difference between two economic philosophies 

9.   Which of the following statements may be assumed to be false from the information    in the passage?

1.            The writer finds the attitude of modern economists towards natural resources to be    uneconomic.

2.            Buddhist economists are in different to the cost of fuels

3.            To use oil on non-essentials is contrary to the Buddhist economic philosophy

4.            To fell a tree is an act of violence not permitted by Buddhist economists

Of the above statements

A. 1 and 2 are false                          B. 1, 2 and 4 are false  

C. 3 and 4 are false                          D. All 1, 2, 3, and 4 are false     (Ans)

                                 

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate pair of phrases:

10.   The passage suggests that while a modern economist, considers it uneconomic to use ...... form of fuel, a Buddhist economist considers it uneconomic to use ...... form of fuel

A. a cheap, a renewable                                               B. an irrational, an essential

C. an expensive, a non-renewable   (Ans)             D. a rational, an unessential

SYNONYMS

Choose the one that best expresses the meaning of the bold lettered word.

1. SURMOUNT a. Discount b. Surround c. Overcome     (Ans) d. Capture	6. TRANSPARENT a. Verbose b. Involved c. witty d. Lucid       (Ans)
2. TORPID a. Insipid b. Stupid c. Sensitive d. Inactive         (Ans)	7. SELECTION a. Denial b. Preference     (Ans) c. Refusal d. Display
3. COMMAND a. Lead           (Ans) b. Instruct c. Manage d. Supervise	8. OSTENTATION a. Pomp          (Ans) b. Pretence c. abundance d. Plenty
4. GNOME a. Giant b. Dwarf     (Ans) c. Native d. Alien	9. CONVICT a. Adventurer b. Fugitive c. Criminal      (Ans) d. Imposter
5. ABLUTION a. Censure b. Forgiveness c. Absolution d. Washing      (Ans)	10. ITINERANT a. frequent use of the word `it’ b. anything involving repetition c. plan for a proposed journey d. traveling from place to place.     (Ans)

ANTONYMS

Choose the word opposite in meaning to the given bold lettered word

1. CANDID a. Cunning b. Diplomatic     (Ans) c. Doubtful d. Impertinent	6. CURTAIL a. Arrive b. Continue       (Ans) c. Resume d. Start
2. PRECISE a. Indecent b. Vague          (Ans) c. Icorrect d. Indistinct	7. AFFLUENCE a. Misery          b. Stagnation c. Neglect d. Poverty         (Ans)
3. PRUDENT a. Silly b. Unwise      (Ans) c. Idiotic d. Poor	8. AGREEMENT a. Dislocation b. Discord        (Ans) c. Turbulence d. Fragmentation
4. CONCISE a. Extended b. Lengthy      (Ans) c. Protracted d. Elongated	9. AGONY a. Pleasure       (Ans) b. Laughter c.  Bliss d. Ecstasy
5. AFFIRMATION a. Denial      (Ans) b. Refusal c. Opposition d. Obstruction	10. RETICENT a. Forward b. Developed c. Sophisticated d. Communicative      (Ans)

Traditional vs Online Universities

Traditional vs. Online Universities – What’s the Difference?

by Ryan May

Online universities and traditional colleges that offer courses in physical classrooms have the same end goal: provide students with an educational experience that enables them to grow in their chosen field and eventually earn a degree. But although their purpose is the same, both possess significant differences in the approach they take, setting them distinctly apart.

Distance learning definitely has its upside, especially for those who can’t afford the time or costs associated with attending a standard brick-and-mortar university.

Benefits of Online Learning

§  No pre-defined class schedule

§  No commute to campus

§  Lower tuition

§  Fewer fees (parking, activity, etc.)

§  Ability to engage online with classmates around the country (and the world)

Disadvantages of Online Learning

§  Direct contact with instructors and classmates, providing learning through immediate feedback

§  Physical textbooks and supplemental materials that are believed to be more beneficial when consuming large amounts of content

§  Student participation readily encouraged (and often accounts for a portion of the final grade)

§  Potential for networking and social interaction with other classmates (some of whom you may end up working with one day)

Curriculum – where the buck stops

Like any investment, higher education requires considerable background and planning to select the institution that will best meet your specific needs. Similar to buying a car or a new computer, different universities vary wildly in the value they offer with respect to their online courses. So when trying to determine which one is right for you, it’s important to know that the main difference between the two is in the curriculum… and how it’s presented.

In fact, this is often cited as the primary difference between online universities and courses offered in traditional classrooms. And depending on the university, the difference can be vast.

Coursework that’s offered online attempts to use a formal education process through which the students and instructor interact via the web even though they are not in the same place (and many times not even in the same country). This means all exams, quizzes, lectures and reading are completed online, with course materials delivered via websites, electronic textbooks and streaming lectures, typically provided in an on-demand format. More so than any other consideration, this structure represents the biggest difference between the two styles of learning, specifically because it may have less of a lasting impact on some students due to the limitations of the electronic medium.

It’s been reported that many people require interpersonal interaction to learn effectively and when that connection is removed, as it is through online universities, it alters both the learning experience and potential for retention of the material.

This system of curriculum distribution is very different from that provided through the traditional college classroom. At a brick-and-mortar university, many courses require your physical presence, enforcing an attendance policy that can often significantly impact your grade. While attending class, students are also required to listen and take notes during the lecture and are often tested on the material as its presented in class – some of which is not found in the companion reading material.

As a result, instructors must provide more detailed feedback to ensure the information has been presented clearly, as the student does not have the luxury of reviewing a streaming video feed or re-browsing a web page.

In addition, many colleges are rushing to market with online courses in an attempt to capture this rapidly-growing segment, and are providing versions of their courses that – though technically still providing the same information – do not fulfil the requirements for accreditation. This lack of accreditation often means credits earned may not transfer or be applicable to a degree.

So when signing up for an online university, make sure the curriculum is (1) accredited and (2) transferable or applicable to your end goal.

Online M.B.A. - is it worth it?

Online M.B.A. – is it worth it?

by Business Dictionary

Typically, the more education you get, the larger salary you command. A master’s degree in business, (M.B.A.) is highly respected throughout Corporate America. One Graduate Management Admissions Council survey concluded the average Chicago based, M.B.A.holder earns $7,500 more annually than was earned three years ago. While an M.B.A. can boost your earning power, finding time to attend school can be difficult. If scheduling or distance conflicts get in the way of pursuing your M.B.A., you might consider an online degree program. Online M.B.A.’s have become more popular in recent years. Unless you want to work on Wall Street, where the name of the school is as important as the degree itself, an online M.B.A. can help you achieve your career goals.

In determining whether an online M.B.A. is worth attaining, compare the cost to the potential. Currently, the cost of a typical M.B.A. program is approximately $100,000, which is less than one year’s salary for most M.B.A. achievers. If, however, your plan is to open your own small business, or work in the family’s cafe, the cost of attaining such a high degree may not be worth it for you.

What online school you attend also makes a difference in the degree’s value. For example, schools that are solely designed for profit and accept any applicant willing to pay tuition, will not carry as much clout as a school that is selective in its acceptance process. While any M.B.A. is going to be better than not having one at all, the earning potential for an online M.B.A. holder will be increased if the degree comes from a recognized school or respected program.

Cost factor may make an online M.B.A. worth it to you as opposed to attending classes. Many state universities offer online M.B.A.’s without charging out-of-state tuition for those students. Other universities require at least one on campus class meeting per semester. Determining whether it is worth it to pursue such an online program depends on your ability to travel to the campus and comply.

For example, Duke University offers an online M.B.A. program, which is considered to be a top tier option for online M.B.A. seekers. The program is 19 months long, requiring five different two-week in class sessions  at a campus location. Cost of the program is $115,000 not counting travel costs, or lost wages from work if you must take time off for the in class requirements.

A recent survey of hiring managers and professional recruiters determined that many still view online M.B.A.’s as substandard to traditionally received degrees, due to the fact that most online programs are not through top tier schools. To boost the power of your online M.B.A., choose a school accredited by Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB).

Whether you want to start a career or advance an already established career, an M.B.A. certainly can’t hurt. Online M.B.A.’s, while sometimes viewed as substandard still stands out more than not having the M.B.A. at all, therefore, depending on what your career goals are, just may be worth pursuing.

P & S Bank - Reasoning - 1

P & S Bank – Reasoning - 1

Directions (1-5) : In each of the following questions, a group of letters is to be coded by number/symbol codes as per the codes given below and the conditions that follow. In each question, a group of letters is given followed by groups of number/symbol code numbered (1), (2), (3) and (4). The correct combination of codes is your answer. If none of the four combinations is correct, your answer is (5), i.e. 'None of these'.

Conditions:

(i)                  If the first letter is a vowel and the last letter is a consonant, both are to be coded as '0'.

(ii)                If the first letter is a consonant and the last letter is a vowel, both are to be coded as ‘©'

(iii)               If the first as well as the last letters are vowels, both are to be coded as the code for first letter.

(1v)       Code for letters P D A F L H M R K T B E U are 3 6 # 8 $ 4 2 7 @ 9 5 1 %

1.        KEDURT

(a) @16%7@      (b) 916%7@        (c) 916%79          (d) @16$79         (e) None of these

Ans: (e)

2.       EDRTMP

(a) 167923           (b) 167921           (c) 067920            (d) 067923           (e) None of these

                Ans: (c)

3.        FHRAMU

(a) 847#28           (b) %47#28         (c) 847#2%          (d) ©47#2©       (e) None of these

                Ans: (d)

4.       ULTPHE

(a) %$934%         (b) 1$9341           (c) %$9341          (d) 1$934%          (e) None of these

                Ans: (a)

5.       HKEDLB

(a) 5@16$4         (b) 4@16$5         (c) ©@16$4        (d)0@16$5          (e) None of these

                Ans: (b)

 Directions (6-10) : Read the following passage carefully and answers the questions given below it.

A group of seven friends: A. B, C. D, E, F and G work as-Economist. Agriculture Officer, IT Officer. Terminal Operator. Clerk, Forex Officer and Research Analyst, for Banks L. M, N, P, Q. R and S but not necessarily in the same order. C works for Bank N and is neither a Research Analyst nor a Clerk. E is an IT Officer and works for Bank R. A works as Forex Officer and does not work for Bank L or Q. The one who is an Agriculture Officer works for Bank M. The one who works for Bank L works as a Terminal Operator. F works for Bank Q. G works for Bank P as a Research Analyst. D is not an Agriculture Officer.

6.       Who amongst the following works as an Agriculture Officer?

(a)C                        (b) B                      (c) F                       (d) D                      (e) None of these

                Ans: (b)

7.        What is the profession of C ?

(a) Terminal Operator    (b) Agriculture Officer    (c) Economist    

(d) Cannot be determined           (e) None of these

                Ans: (c)

8.       For which bank does B work?

(a) M                     (b) S                       (c)L         (d) Either M or S               (e) None of these

                Ans: (a)

9.       What is the profession of the person who works for Bank S  

(a) Clerk               (b) Agriculture Officer    (c) Terminal Operator    (d) Forex Officer

(e) None of these

                Ans: (d)

10.    Which of the following combinations of person, profession and bank is correct?

(a) A - Forex Officer - M                                (b) D - Clerk - L (c) F-Agriculture Officer-Q

(d) B-Agriculture Officer-S           (e) None of these

Ans: (e)

Directions (11-15) : In the following questions, the symbols @, # %, $ and © are used with the  following meaning as illustrated below:

'P # Q' means 'P is neither greater than nor equal to Q'.

'P © Q' means 'P is neither equal to nor smaller than Q'.

'P % Q' means 'P is neither smaller than nor greater than Q'.

'P $ Q' means 'P is not smaller than Q'.

'P @ Q' means 'P is not greater than Q'.

Now in each of the following questions assuming the given statement to be true, find which of the three conclusions I, II and III given below is/are definitely true and give your answer accordingly.

11.    Statements:  R@D,   D©W,    B $ W

Conclusions: I. W # R      II. B © D               III. W. $ R

(a) None is true                                (b) Only I is true                (c) Only III is true

(d) Only either I or III is true                        (e) All are true

Ans: (d)

12.    Statements:   H $ V,    V % M,    K © M

Conclusions:   I. K © V   II. M @ H             III.H©K

(a) Only I and III are true               (b) Only II and III are true

(c) Only I and II are true                                (d) All are true                   (e) None of these

Ans: (c)

13.   Statements :   K#T,     T $ B ,     B@F

Conclusions :       I. F $ T                 II. K # B                                 III.T $ F

(a) None is true                                (b) Only I is true                (c) Only I and II are true

(d) Only II and III are true             (e) All are true

                Ans: (d)

14.   Statements:   Z # F ,    R@F,     D©R

Conclusions:   I. Z # R                      II. F # D                                 III.D©Z

(a) None is true                                (b) Only I is true                (c) Only III is true

(d) Only either I or III is true        (e) All are true

Ans: (c)

15.    Statements:    M © R,         R % D,             D @ N

Conclusions:   I. M © N                                 II. N $ R                 III. M © D

(a) Only I and II are true                (b) Only II and III are true             (c) Only I and III are true

(d) All are true                   (e) None of these

Ans: (b)

RBI - Selective Questions - 1

RBI – Selective Questions – 1. (Sourced)

1. ‘Not negotiable’ written on a cheque crossing means—
(A) The cheque cannot be paid to anyone but the payee
(B) The cheque is valid only for payment of the transaction for which it is made out

(C) An honest person receiving a stolen cheque is liable to repay the rightful owner  (Ans)
(D) The cheque must be paid into a bank

2. The Central Bank is not expected to perform the function of—
(A) Acting as a clearing house
(B) The banker to the government
(C) Accepting deposit from Commercial Banks
(D) Accepting deposits from general public   (Ans)

3. Increase in bank rates generally is followed by—
(A) An increase in market rate of interest    (Ans)
(B) A fall in market rates of interest
(C) A rise only in the deposits rates but not the lending rates
(D) A rise only in the lending rates

4. The major quantitative monetary tool available with the Central Bank is—
(A) Rationing of credit
(B) Regulation of consumer credit
(C) Margin requirements
(D) Reserve ratio requirements      (Ans)

5. Bank must refuse payment of a cheque where—
(A) Cheque is not dated
(B) Where cheque is stale, i.e. date has expired
(C) Payment has been stopped by customer    (Ans)
(D) The cheque is not presented during working hours of Bank

6. A ‘Stale’ cheque is one that is—
(A) Over three months old   (Ans)
(B) Convening an overdue payment
(C) Cancelled by the drawer
(D) Written on an account which is overdrawn

7. When the Central Bank sells securities, as a result—
(A) The cash resources at the disposal of the commercial banks increase
(B) The cash resources of the commercial banks remain unchanged
(C) The cash resources at the disposal of commercial banks get diminished   (Ans)
(D) None of the above

8. When a cheque is returned by the bank marked ‘Refer to Drawer’ this means the drawer—
(A) Has instructed the bank not to pay the cheque
(B) Wishes to be contacted before the cheque is cashed
(C) Has improperly completed the cheque and must correct it before payment
(D) Had insufficient funds in his account to pay the cheque     (Ans)

9. The current Bank Rate is—
(A) 6%
(B) 8%
(C) 9%      (Ans)
(D) 9·5%

10. It has been made compulsory for Non-Banking Financing Companies to get themselves registered with … before July 8, 1997.
(A) RBI    (Ans)
(B) SEBI
(C) Government of India
(D) None of the above

 11. Which of the following is not a tool in the hands of RBI to control the inflationary pressure in the country?
(A) Bank Rate (BR)
(B) Special Drawing Rights (SDR)     (Ans)
(C) Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR)
(D) Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)

12. Which of the following is/are included in Legal Tender Money in India?
(A) Coins and currency notes     (Ans)
(B) Coins and bank drafts
(C) Currency notes and SDRs
(D) Currency notes issued by RBI

13. Which of the following is correctly matched?
(A) CRR on FCNR (B) Scheme—12%
(B) Bank Rate—9%      (Ans)
(C) SLR on NRE deposits—31·5%
(D) CRR on NRE—13%

14. India’s First Financial Archive has been set up at—
(A) Mumbai
(B) New Delhi
(C) Ahmedabad
(D) Kolkata     (Ans)

15. Which of the following Bank merged with Oriented Bank of Commerce?
(A) New Bank of India
(B) Punjab Co-operative Bank
(C) Bari Doab Bank
(D) (B) and (C) both   (Ans)