1. Two surveys were made by two separate marketing
organizations on the consumption of Tea and Coffee in a little village. The
first organization interviewed 100 people and their survey showed
78
drink coffee
71
drink Tea and
48
drink both coffee and Tea.
The
second organization interviewed 115 people and their results showed
91
drink coffee
82
drink tea and
58
of them drink both coffee and tea.
Which
of these two results are not correct? Justify your answer.
Answer: The survey by the first organization
is not correct. According to their figures the sum of Coffee and Tea drinkers
account for 149 and if you remove 48 persons who drink both coffee and tea from
this figure the net people comes to 101. Their survey is only about 100 people.
In
the second survey going by the above process the net number of people
corresponds to the number of people surveyed.
Hence
the survey by the first organization is not correct.
2. Kewal sells two tape recorders at
the same price. On one he gains 10% and on the other he loses 10%. The total
gain or loss in the transaction is
a) 1% gain b)
1% loss c)
No Loss No Gain d) 2% Loss
Answer: (b)
1% loss. In questions
of the above type the net effect is always a loss and there will never be any
profit. The quantum of loss is given by the equation x2/100
3. The price of a jewel passing through
three hands, rises on the whole by 65%. If the first and the second sellers
earned 20% and 25% profit respectively, then the profit earned by the third
seller is
a) 20%
b) 15% c) 10% d) 5%
Answer: (c)
10% When an article undergoes successive
percentage change from A, B and C at x% and y % respectively as in the above
case, then the effective percentage change between A and C is given by the
formula x + y + xy/100. Accordingly the
change in price between A and C in the above question is 50%. If A had
purchased an article at Rs 100 then C paid Rs 150 for the same. The overall
percentage profit in the above question is 65%. In other words C sold the
article Rs 15 more than his purchase price. In other words his profit is 10%.
4. The cost price of 25 articles is
equal to the selling price of 20
articles. The gain percent is
a) 20% b)
22% c) 24% d) 25%
Answer: (d)
25% Simple. Assume CP of each article as Rs 10.
Then total cost price is Rs 250. This is equal to selling price of 20 articles.
Thus each article was sold at a price of Rs 12.50. Hence the profit is 25%.
5.
In selling
an article for Rs 76/-, there is profit
of 52% . If it is sold for Rs 75/- the profit percent will be
a) 44 b)
46 c) 48 d) 50
Answer: (d)
50% If the sale
brings a profit of 52%, then the purchase price is 100%. Thus in the above question
152% is Rs 76. Hence 100% is Rs 50.00
If the sale
was made at Rs 75 then the profit will be Rs 25 ie 50%.
6.
In terms of
profit which is the best transaction
Cost Price Profit
1) 36 17
2) 50 24
3) 40 19
4) 60 29
(a) (1) b)
(2) c) (3) d) (4)
Answer: (d) No explanation is required.
7. Find the selling price of an article
if a shopkeeper allows two successive discounts of 5% each on the marked price
of Rs 80.
a) Rs 70.20 b) Rs 70.10 c) Rs 72.00 d) Rs 72.20
Answer: (d) Effective percentage change using the formula
mentioned earlier is
-5 -5
+ 0.25/100 = - 9.75% effective discount on the marked price.
8. A man buys an article for Rs 80 and
marks it as Rs 120. He than allows a discount of 40%. What is the loss or gain
percent
a) 12% gain b) 12% loss c) 10% gain d) 10% loss
Answer:
(d) 40% discount on
the marked price of Rs 120 means the article was sold at Rs 72. Thus the loss
in the transaction is Rs 8 on the purchased price of Rs 80. Hence the
percentage loss is 10%.
9. If the average marks of three
batches of 55, 60 and 45 students respectively is 50, 55 and 60 , then the
average marks of all the students is
a) 54.66 b)
53.33 c) 55 d) none of these.
Answer: (d) The average will be 54.6875 rounded
to 54.69. (No explanation required)
10. Of the three numbers, first is twice
the second and the second is twice the third. The average of the three numbers
is 21.. The smallest of the three numbers is
a) 9 b) 6 c) 12 d)
18.
Answer: (a) The
sum of the three numbers is 21 x 3 = 63. If x is the smallest number, then the
other two numbers are 2x and 4x. Thus we have an equation x+2x+4x = 7x. Since
7x is equal to 63, x value is 9.
x---x---x
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